What were the Flying Tigers (1941-1942)?

Introduction The First American Volunteer Group (AVG) of the Republic of China Air Force, nicknamed the Flying Tigers, was formed to help oppose the Japanese invasion of China. Operating in 1941-1942, it was composed of pilots from the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC), Navy (USN), and Marine Corps (USMC), and was commanded by Claire… Read More

What is Japanese Militarism?

Introduction Japanese militarism (日本軍国主義, Nihon gunkoku shugi) refers to the ideology in the Empire of Japan which advocates the belief that militarism should dominate the political and social life of the nation, and the belief that the strength of the military is equal to the strength of a nation. Refer to Stratocracy and Songun. Brief… Read More

A Brief Overview of the Inner Mongolian Army

Introduction The Inner Mongolian Army, also sometimes called the Mengjiang National Army, referred to the Inner Mongolian military units in service of Imperial Japan and its puppet state of Mengjiang during the Second Sino-Japanese War, particularly those led by Prince Demchugdongrub. It was primarily a force of cavalry units, which mostly consisted of ethnic Mongols,… Read More

What was the Long March (1934-1935)?

Introduction The Long March (Chinese: 长征; pinyin: Chángzhēng, lit. Long Expedition) was a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the forerunner of the People’s Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang army (Refer to Chinese Civil War). Strictly speaking, the Long March was a series of… Read More

What was Operation Beleaguer (1945-1949)?

Introduction Operation Beleaguer was a major United States military operation led by Major General Keller E. Rockey. He commanded 50,000 men of the III Marine Amphibious Corps that deployed to northeastern China’s Hopeh (Hebei, 河北) and Shantung (Shandong, 山东) provinces between 1945 and 1949. The main objectives of the operation were the repatriation of more… Read More

What was the First Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895)?

Introduction The First Sino-Japanese War (25 July 1894 to 17 April 1895) was a conflict between the Qing dynasty of China and the Empire of Japan primarily over influence in Joseon Korea. After more than six months of unbroken successes by Japanese land and naval forces and the loss of the port of Weihaiwei, the… Read More

What was the Chinese Communist Revolution?

Introduction The Chinese Communist Revolution, known in the mainland China as the War of Liberation (simplified Chinese: 解放战争; traditional Chinese: 解放戰爭; pinyin: Jiěfàng Zhànzhēng), was the conflict, led by the Communist Party of China and Chairman Mao Zedong, that resulted in the proclamation of the People’s Republic of China, on 01 October 1949. The revolution… Read More