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What was the Battle of Elchingen (1805)?

Introduction The Battle of Elchingen, fought on 14 October 1805, saw French forces under Michel Ney rout an Austrian corps led by Johann Sigismund Riesch. This defeat led to a large part of the Austrian army being invested in the fortress of Ulm by the army of Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte of France while other formations… Read More

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What was the Battle of Crotona (204 BC)?

Introduction The battle or, more precisely, the battles of Croton in 204 and 203 BC were, as well as the raid in Cisalpine Gaul, the last larger scale engagements between the Romans and the Carthaginians in Italy during the Second Punic War (218-201 BC). After Hannibal’s retreat to Bruttium due to the Metaurus debacle, the… Read More

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What was the Battle of Civetot (1096)?

Introduction The Battle of Civetot in 1096 brought an end to the People’s Crusade, which was a poorly-armed movement of lower-class pilgrims of the First Crusade (1096-1099), but, distinct from the subsequent and much more well-known Princes’ Crusade. Background After the disastrous defeat for the Crusaders in the Siege of Xerigordos, two Turkish spies spread… Read More

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What was the Battle of Calabria (1940)?

Introduction The Battle of Calabria, known to the Italian Navy as the Battle of Punta Stilo, was a naval battle during the Battle of the Mediterranean in the Second World War. Ships of the Italian Regia Marina were opposed by vessels of the British Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy. The battle occurred 30 miles… Read More

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What is an Invasion?

Introduction An invasion is a military offensive in which large numbers of combatants of one geopolitical entity aggressively enter territory owned by another such entity, generally with the objective of: Conquering; Liberating or re-establishing control or authority over a territory; Forcing the partition of a country; Altering the established government or gaining concessions from said… Read More