Events 173 – Marcomannic Wars: The Roman army in Moravia is encircled by the Quadi, who have broken the peace treaty (171). In a violent thunderstorm emperor Marcus Aurelius defeats and subdues them in the so-called “miracle of the rain”. 631 – Emperor Taizong of Tang sends envoys to the Xueyantuo bearing gold and silk… Read More
Introduction Admiral Sir Charles John Napier KCB GOTE RN (06 March 1786 to 06 November 1860) was a British naval officer whose sixty years in the Royal Navy included service in the War of 1812, the Napoleonic Wars, Syrian War and the Crimean War (with the Russians), and a period commanding the Portuguese navy in… Read More
Introduction The Liberal Wars (Portuguese: Guerras Liberais), also known as the Portuguese Civil War (Guerra Civil Portuguesa), the War of the Two Brothers (Guerra dos Dois Irmãos) or Miguelite War (Guerra Miguelista), was a war between liberal constitutionalists and conservative absolutists in Portugal over royal succession that lasted from 1828 to 1834. Embroiled parties included… Read More
Introduction The Battle of Cape St. Vincent was a naval encounter off Cape St. Vincent between a Liberal fleet under the command of British naval officer Charles Napier against a Miguelite fleet under the command of Portuguese naval officer Manuel Marreiros, which was fought on 05 July 1833 during the Liberal Wars (1828-1834) and resulted… Read More
Events 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock (clepsydra) called Rokoku. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu. 1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the river Saleph while leading an army to Jerusalem. 1329 – The Battle of Pelekanon results in… Read More
Introduction Jared Christopher Monti (20 September 1975 to 21 June 2006) was a soldier in the United States Army who received the United States military’s highest decoration for valour, the Medal of Honour, for his actions in the War in Afghanistan. Monti was deployed with his unit when they were attacked by a group of… Read More
Introduction Major General Smedley Darlington Butler (30 July 1881 to 21 June 1940), nicknamed “Maverick Marine”, was a senior United States Marine Corps officer who fought in the Philippine-American War, the Boxer Rebellion, the Mexican Revolution and World War I. During his 34-year career as a Marine, he participated in military actions in the Philippines,… Read More
Boot Camp & Military Fitness Institute 