What is Sapping?

Introduction Sapping is a term used in siege operations to describe the digging of a covered trench (a “sap”) to approach a besieged place without danger from the enemy’s fire. The purpose of the sap is usually to advance a besieging army’s position towards an attacked fortification. It is excavated by specialised military units, whose… Read More

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What is Tunnel Warfare?

Introduction Tunnel warfare is a general name for war being conducted in tunnels and other underground cavities. It often includes the construction of underground facilities (mining or undermining) in order to attack or defend, and the use of existing natural caves and artificial underground facilities for military purposes. Tunnels can be used to undermine fortifications… Read More

What is a Sapper?

Introduction A sapper, also called pioneer or combat engineer, is a combatant or soldier who performs a variety of military engineering duties such as breaching fortifications, demolitions, bridge-building, laying or clearing minefields, preparing field defences, as well as working on road and airfield construction and repair. They are also trained to serve as infantry personnel… Read More

What is Sapping?

Introduction Sapping is a term used in siege operations to describe the digging of a covered trench (a “sap”) to approach a besieged place without danger from the enemy’s fire. The purpose of the sap is usually to advance a besieging army’s position towards an attacked fortification. It is excavated by specialised military units, whose… Read More

Pass Rates for Selected US Military Courses

The United States Military has a number of schools that provide advanced or specialist training courses to their trained soldiers (i.e. soldiers who have completed basic training). Below is a selection of these courses, their pass rates and average number per course. Army Rangers: 1 in 3 (358 per course) Air Force Pararescue: 1 in… Read More