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What was the Emergency Powers Act 1939 (Ireland)?

Introduction The Emergency Powers Act 1939 (EPA) was an Act of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament) enacted on 03 September 1939, after an official state of emergency had been declared on 02 September 1939 in response to the outbreak of the Second World War. The Act empowered the government to: make provisions for securing the public… Read More

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Who was John William Finn?

Introduction John William Finn (24 July 1909 to 27 May 2010) was a sailor in the United States Navy who, as a chief petty officer, received the United States military’s highest decoration, the Medal of Honour, for his actions during the attack on Pearl Harbour in World War II. As a chief aviation ordnanceman stationed… Read More

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What is the Remembrance Day of the Latvian Legionnaires?

Introduction Remembrance Day of the Latvian Legionnaires (Latvian: Leģionāru piemiņas diena), often known simply as Legionnaire Day (Leģionāru diena) or 16 March (16. marts) in Latvia, is a day when soldiers of the Latvian Legion, part of the Waffen-SS, are commemorated. From 1998 until 2000, it was officially recognised as a “Remembrance Day for Latvian… Read More

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What was War Plan Orange?

Introduction War Plan Orange (commonly known as Plan Orange or just Orange) is a series of United States Joint Army and Navy Board war plans for dealing with a possible war with Japan during the years between the First and Second World Wars (refer to US Colour-Coded War Plans). It failed to foresee the significance… Read More

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What was War Plan Red?

Introduction War Plan Red, also known as the Atlantic Strategic War Plan, was one of the colour-coded war plans created by the United States Department of War during the interwar period of 1919-1939, covering scenarios related to a hypothetical war with the British Empire (the “Red” forces, likely in reference to the Red Ensign). Many… Read More