Events 637 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Antioch surrenders to the Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of the Iron Bridge. 758 – Guangzhou is sacked by Arab and Persian pirates. 1137 – Ranulf of Apulia defeats Roger II of Sicily at the Battle of Rignano, securing his position as duke until his death two years later. 1270… Read More
Introduction The Football War (Spanish: La guerra del fútbol; colloquial: Soccer War or the Hundred Hours’ War also known as 100 Hour War) was a brief war fought between El Salvador and Honduras in 1969. Existing tensions between the two countries coincided with rioting during a 1970 FIFA World Cup qualifier. The war began on… Read More
Introduction Founded in 1964, the Association of Old Crows is an international non-profit professional organisation specialising in electronic warfare, tactical information operations, and associated disciplines headquartered in Alexandria, Virginia. Mission Its mission is to “advocate the need for a strong defense capability emphasizing electronic warfare and information operations to government, industry, academia, and the public.”… Read More
“Determined leadership is vital throughout all echelons of command. Nowhere is it more important than in the higher ranks. Generals who become depressed when things are not going well, who lack the “drive” to get things done, and who lack the resolution, the robust mentality and the moral courage to see their plan through to… Read More
Research Paper Title The Basics of Training for Muscle Size and Strength: A Brief Review on the Theory. Background The periodisation of resistance exercise is often touted as the most effective strategy for optimising muscle size and strength adaptations. This narrative persists despite a lack of experimental evidence to demonstrate its superiority. In addition, the… Read More
Introduction The Battle of Nyborg was a battle fought between Sweden and the combined forces of Denmark, Dutch naval forces under Michiel de Ruyter, troops of Brandenburg-Prussia, and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under Stefan Czarniecki. Part of the Second Northern War, 1655-1660. The Battle The battle was engaged on 14 November 1659 at Nyborg on the… Read More
Introduction In the Second Northern War from 1655 to 1660, during the reign of Charles X, Sweden was set on expansion. Through military action, Sweden rapidly became the strongest military power in the north. Background Frederick III was suffering under the humiliating loss of traditional Danish provinces to Sweden in 1645. As Charles X appeared… Read More
