Introduction Trunajaya rebellion (also spelled Trunojoyo rebellion; Indonesian: Pemberontakan Trunajaya) or Trunajaya War was the ultimately unsuccessful rebellion waged by the Madurese prince Trunajaya and fighters from Makassar against the Mataram Sultanate and its Dutch East India Company (VOC) supporters in Java (in modern-day Indonesia) during the 1670s. The rebellion was initially successful: the rebels… Read More
Introduction The Reconquista (Spanish and Portuguese for “reconquest”) was a period in the history of the Iberian Peninsula of about 780 years between the Umayyad conquest of Hispania in 711, the expansion of the Christian kingdoms throughout Hispania, and the fall of the Nasrid kingdom of Granada in 1492. The beginning of the Reconquista is… Read More
Events AD 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor. 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Empire. 1492 – Reconquista: The Emirate of Granada, the last Moorish stronghold in Spain, surrenders. 1680 – Trunajaya… Read More
Introduction The Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is a research and development agency of the United States Department of Defence responsible for the development of emerging technologies for use by the military. Originally known as the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), the agency was created on 07 February 1958 by President Dwight D. Eisenhower… Read More
Introduction A military exercise or war game is the employment of military resources in training for military operations, either exploring the effects of warfare or testing strategies without actual combat. This also serves the purpose of ensuring the combat readiness of garrisoned or deployable forces prior to deployment from a home base. War games involving… Read More
Introduction A counter-offensive is a large-scale military strategic offensive operation, usually by forces that had successfully halted the enemy’s offensive, while occupying defensive positions. Background The counter-offensive is executed after exhausting the enemy’s front line troops and after the enemy reserves had been committed to combat and proven incapable of breaching defences, but before the… Read More
Introduction A counterattack is a tactic employed in response to an attack, with the term originating in “war games“. The general objective is to negate or thwart the advantage gained by the enemy during attack, while the specific objectives typically seek to regain lost ground or destroy the attacking enemy (this may take the form… Read More
