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What is a Subedar-Major?

Introduction Subedar Major is the senior-most rank of junior commissioned officer in the Indian and Pakistani Armies, formerly known as the Viceroy’s commissioned officer in the British Indian Army. Refer to Subedar and Jemadar. Brief History During the British Raj, Battalion Subedar-Major was the highest rank natives could achieve. He would serve as a representative… Read More

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What was the Etaples Mutiny (1917)?

Introduction The Étaples mutiny was a series of mutinies in September 1917 by British Army and British Imperial soldiers at a training camp in the coastal port of Étaples in Northern France during World War I. Refer to the Singapore Mutiny (1915) and French Army Mutinies (1917). Background Before the war, Étaples, 15 miles (24… Read More

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What were the French Army Mutinies (1917)?

Introduction The 1917 French Army mutinies took place amongst French Army troops on the Western Front in Northern France during World War I. Refer to the Singapore Mutiny (1915) and the Etaples Mutiny (1917). They started just after the unsuccessful and costly Second Battle of the Aisne, the main action in the Nivelle Offensive in… Read More

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What was the Anglo-American Loan?

Introduction The Anglo-American Loan Agreement was a loan made to the United Kingdom by the United States on 15 July 1946, enabling its economy in the Second World War to keep afloat. The loan was negotiated by British economist John Maynard Keynes and American diplomat William L. Clayton. Problems arose on the American side, with… Read More