Events 1590 – Alexander Farnese’s army forces Henry IV of France to lift the siege of Paris. 1622 – A hurricane has overrun a Spanish fleet bound from Havana to Cadiz and sunk the price galleon Atocha. Only 5 men were rescued, but 260 passengers and 200 million pesos were buried with the Atocha under… Read More

Events 36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. 301 – San Marino, one of the smallest nations in the world and the world’s oldest republic still in existence, is founded by Saint Marinus. Feast… Read More

Events 31 BC – Final War of the Roman Republic: Battle of Actium: Off the western coast of Greece, forces of Octavian defeat troops under Mark Antony and Cleopatra. 1192 – The Treaty of Jaffa is signed between Richard I of England and Saladin, leading to the end of the Third Crusade. 1649 – The… Read More

Events 1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of Ancona by the forces of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. 1449 – Tumu Crisis: The Mongols capture the Emperor of China. 1529 – The Spanish fort of Sancti Spiritu, the first one built in modern Argentina, is destroyed by natives. 1644 –… Read More

Events 1314 – King Haakon V of Norway moves the capital from Bergen to Oslo. 1795 – War of the First Coalition: The British capture Trincomalee (present-day Sri Lanka) from the Dutch in order to keep it out of French hands (refer to French Revolutionary Wars). 1798 – Irish Rebellion: Irish rebels, with French assistance,… Read More