What is an Offset Strategy?

Introduction An offset is some means of asymmetrically compensating for a disadvantage, particularly in a military competition (refer to Military Strategy). Rather than match an opponent in an unfavourable competition, changing the competition to more favourable footing enables the application of strengths to a problem that is otherwise either unwinnable or winnable only at unacceptable… Read More

What is Tunnel Warfare?

Introduction Tunnel warfare involves war being conducted in tunnels and other underground cavities. It often includes the construction of underground facilities in order to attack or defend, and the use of existing natural caves and artificial underground facilities for military purposes. Tunnels can be used to undermine fortifications and slip into enemy territory for a… Read More

What are Fifth Dimension Operations?

Introduction The Fifth Dimension of Warfare complements the four classical dimensions: land, sea, air, and space. It was enunciated in 1995 as information operations. Core US Military Doctrine This is part of core US military doctrine, that recognises at least five dimensions, or ‘domains of warfare’ for which it is responsible: The origin of the… Read More

What is Urban Warfare?

Introduction Urban warfare is warfare in urban areas such as towns and cities. Urban combat differs from combat in the open at both the operational and the tactical levels. Complicating factors in urban warfare include the presence of civilians and the complexity of the urban terrain. Urban combat operations may be conducted to capitalise on… Read More

A Brief Overview of the Principles of War

Introduction Principles of war are rules and guidelines that represent truths in the practice of war and military operations. The earliest known principles of war were documented by Sun Tzu, circa 500 BCE, as well as Chanakya in his Arthashastra circa 350BCE. Machiavelli published his “General Rules” in 1521 which were themselves modeled on Vegetius’… Read More

What is Meant by ‘Sea Denial’?

Introduction Sea denial is a military term/strategy describing attempts to deny the enemy’s ability to use the sea without necessarily attempting to control the sea for its own use. Definition and General Concept It is a parallel concept to sea control. According to Milan Vego, “sea denial can be described as preventing partially or completely… Read More