Introduction Ex parte Vallandigham, 68 U.S. (1 Wall.) 243 (1864), is a United States Supreme Court case, involving a former congressman Clement Vallandigham of Ohio, who had violated an Army order against the public expression of sympathy for the Confederate States and their cause. Vallandigham was tried before a military tribunal by Major General Ambrose… Read More
Introduction Ex parte Milligan, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 2 (1866), is a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court that ruled that the use of military tribunals to try civilians when civil courts are operating is unconstitutional. In this particular case, the Court was unwilling to give President Abraham Lincoln’s administration the power of military… Read More
Introduction Military occupation, also known as belligerent occupation or simply occupation, is the effective military control by a ruling power over a territory that is outside of that power’s sovereign territory. The territory is then known as the occupied territory and the ruling power the occupant. Occupation is distinguished from annexation and colonialism by its… Read More
Introduction The journey to resilience for military personnel is paved with intense physical training, rigorous discipline, and unwavering teamwork. Yet, amidst the cacophony of drills and commands, the whisper of prayer often steels their spirit. This exploration delves into the intriguing overlap between military boot camp training and the hallowed ground of spiritual practice. Resilience… Read More
Introduction Operation Green (German: Unternehmen Grün) often also referred to as Case Green (Fall Grün) or Plan Green (Plan Grün), was a full-scale operations plan for a Nazi German invasion of Ireland planned by an unknown German officer known by the alias “Hadel” in support of Operation Sea Lion (Unternehmen Seelöwe), the invasion of the… Read More
Introduction Plan Kathleen, sometimes referred to as the Artus Plan, was a military plan for the invasion of Northern Ireland by Nazi Germany, sanctioned in 1940 by Stephen Hayes, Acting Irish Republican Army (IRA) Chief of Staff. Plan Kathleen is distinct from Operation Green, the German military plan to invade Ireland, also drawn up in… Read More
Introduction Operation Mainau (German: Unternehmen „Mainau“) was a German espionage mission during the Second World War. It was sanctioned and planned by the German secret service (Abwehr) and executed successfully in May 1940. The mission plan involved inserting Abwehr agent Hermann Görtz into Ireland by parachute. Görtz successfully landed and established contact with his IRA… Read More
Boot Camp & Military Fitness Institute 