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Who was Aleksandra Boiko?

Introduction Aleksandra Leontievna Boiko (Russian: Александра Леонтьевна Бойко; 20 May 1918 to 25 May 1996) was a tank commander in the Soviet Army active in the Eastern Front of the Second World War. Refer to Aleksandra Samusenko, Mariya Oktyabrskaya, and Irina Levchenko. Biography Aleksandra Leontievna Morisheva was born in Belebey, Bashkortostan, Soviet Union. She graduated… Read More

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What is Anti-Militarism?

Introduction Anti-militarism is a doctrine that opposes war, relying heavily on a critical theory of imperialism and was an explicit goal of the First and Second International. Whereas pacifism is the doctrine that disputes (especially between countries) should be settled without recourse to violence, Paul B. Miller defines anti-militarism as “ideology and activities…aimed at reducing… Read More

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Who was Lise de Baissac?

Introduction Lise Marie Jeanette de Baissac MBE CdeG (11 May 1905 to 29 March 2004), code names Odile and Marguerite, was a Mauritian agent in the United Kingdom’s clandestine Special Operations Executive (SOE) organisation in France during World War II. The purpose of SOE was to conduct espionage, sabotage, and reconnaissance in countries occupied by… Read More

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What was the Battle of Manners Street (1943)?

Introduction The Battle of Manners Street refers to a riot involving American servicemen and New Zealand servicemen and civilians outside the Allied Services Club in Manners Street, Wellington, New Zealand in 1943 (Refer to World War II). The club was a social centre, open to all military personnel. Refer to Zoot Suit Riots (1943), Battle… Read More

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What was the Townsville Mutiny (1942)?

Introduction The Townsville mutiny was a mutiny by African American servicemen of the United States Army while serving in Townsville, Australia, during World War II. Refer to Zoot Suit Riots (1943), Battle of Brisbane (1942), and Battle of Manners Street (1943). Background About 600 African American troops from the 96th Battalion, US Army Corps of… Read More

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What was the Battle of Brisbane (1942)?

Introduction The Battle of Brisbane was a riot between United States military personnel on one side and Australian servicemen and civilians on the other, in Brisbane, Queensland’s capital city, on 26 and 27 November 1942, during which time the two nations were allies (refer to World War II). By the time the violence had been… Read More