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What was Operation Praying Mantis (1988)?

Introduction Operation Praying Mantis was an attack on 18 April 1988, by the United States Armed Forces within Iranian territorial waters in retaliation for the Iranian mining of the Persian Gulf during the Iran-Iraq War and the subsequent damage to an American warship. On 14 April, the guided missile frigate USS Samuel B. Roberts struck… Read More

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What was the Revolt of the Admirals?

Introduction The “Revolt of the Admirals” was a policy and funding dispute within the United States government during the Cold War in 1949, involving a number of retired and active-duty United States Navy admirals. These included serving officers Admiral Louis E. Denfeld, Chief of Naval Operations, and Vice Admiral Gerald F. Bogan, as well as… Read More

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What was Operation Vengeance (1943)?

Introduction Operation Vengeance was the American military operation to kill Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto of the Imperial Japanese Navy on 18 April 1943, during the Solomon Islands campaign in the Pacific Theatre of World War II. Yamamoto, commander of the Combined Fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy, was killed on Bougainville Island when his transport bomber… Read More

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What was the Doolittle Raid (1942)?

Introduction The Doolittle Raid, also known as the Tokyo Raid, was an air raid on 18 April 1942 by the United States on the Japanese capital Tokyo and other places on Honshu during World War II. It was the first air operation to strike the Japanese archipelago. It demonstrated that the Japanese mainland was vulnerable… Read More

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What was the Battle of Cerro Gordo (1847)?

Introduction The Battle of Cerro Gordo, or Battle of Sierra Gordo, was an engagement in the Mexican-American War on 18 April 1847. The battle saw Winfield Scott’s United States troops outflank Antonio López de Santa Anna’s larger Mexican army, driving it from a strong defensive position. Background After United States forces captured the port of… Read More

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What was the 1689 Boston Revolt?

The 1689 Boston revolt was a popular uprising on 18 April 1689 against the rule of Sir Edmund Andros, the governor of the Dominion of New England. A well-organised “mob” of provincial militia and citizens formed in the town of Boston, the capital of the dominion, and arrested dominion officials. Members of the Church of… Read More