Events 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights (Prussia). 1662 – The Chinese general Koxinga seizes the island of Taiwan after a nine-month siege. 1713 – The Kalabalik or Skirmish at Bender results from the Ottoman sultan’s order that his unwelcome guest, King Charles… Read More
Introduction The Cavalese cable car crash, also known as the Strage del Cermis (Italian: Massacre of Cermis), occurred on 03 February 1998, near the Italian town of Cavalese, a ski resort in the Dolomites some 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Trento. Twenty people were killed when a United States Marine Corps EA-6B Prowler aircraft,… Read More
Events 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the throne as King Eric X of Sweden. 1504 – The Treaty of Lyon ends the Italian War, confirming French domination of northern Italy, while Spain receives the Kingdom of… Read More
Introduction The pincer movement, or double envelopment, is a military tactic/manoeuvre in which forces simultaneously attack both flanks (sides) of an enemy formation. This classic manoeuvre holds an important foothold throughout the history of warfare. The pincer movement typically occurs when opposing forces advance towards the centre of an army that responds by moving its… Read More
Events 1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. 1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1648 – Eighty Years’ War: The Treaty of Münster and Osnabrück is signed, ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain. 1649 – Charles I of… Read More
Events 1258 – First Mongol invasion of Đại Việt: Đại Việt defeats the Mongols at the battle of Đông Bộ Đầu, forcing the Mongols to withdraw from the country. 1814 – War of the Sixth Coalition: France defeats Russia and Prussia in the Battle of Brienne (refer to Napoleonic Wars). 1819 – Stamford Raffles lands… Read More
Military personnel, police officers, have grown fond of morale patches, with the age-old tradition remaining strong a century after it became a thing. Military morale patches are typically small strips of fabrics with letters, quotes, logos, or insignia sewn into the uniform. They are traditionally used to identify membership of a unit and are supposed… Read More
Boot Camp & Military Fitness Institute 