Events 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seriously wounded. 920 – Rout of an alliance of Christian troops from Navarre and Léon… Read More
Introduction A political demarcation line is a geopolitical border, often agreed upon as part of an armistice or ceasefire. Examples Africa Moroccan Wall, delimiting the Moroccan-controlled part of Western Sahara from the Sahrawi-controlled part Americas The Line of Demarcation was one specific line drawn along a meridian in the Atlantic Ocean as part of the… Read More
Introduction A ceasefire (or truce), also spelled cease fire (the antonym of ‘open fire’), is a temporary stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions. Historically, the concept existed at least by the time of the Middle Ages, when it was known as a ‘truce of God’.… Read More
Introduction The Defence Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) is a combat support agency within the United States Department of Defence (DoD) for countering weapons of mass destruction (WMD; chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high explosives). According to the agency’s Strategic Plan for Fiscal Years 2018 to 2022, the DTRA mission: “enables DoD and the U.S. Government… Read More
Events 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I’s victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge. 677 – Climax of the Siege of Thessalonica by the Slavs in a three-day assault on the city walls.… Read More
Events 1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. 1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade. 1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle: King Edward I of England takes the stronghold using the War Wolf. 1411 – Battle… Read More
Introduction Jon Robert Cavaiani (02 August 1943 to 29 July 2014) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military’s highest decoration, the Medal of Honour, for his actions in the Vietnam War. Biography Cavaiani was born in Murphys, County Offaly, Ireland, and went to England a short time afterwards.… Read More
Boot Camp & Military Fitness Institute 