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What was the Battle of Ujście (1655)?

Introduction The Battle of Ujście was fought on 24-25 July 1655 between forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth commanded by Krzysztof Opaliński and Andrzej Grudziński on one side, and on the other Swedish forces commanded by Arvid Wittenberg. Krzysztof Opaliński and Bogusław Leszczyński, dissatisfied with policies of King John II Casimir of Poland, decided to become… Read More

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What was the Second Northern War (1655-1660)?

Introduction The Second Northern War (1655-1660, also First or Little Northern War; and one of several Northern Wars) was fought between Sweden and its adversaries the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1655-1660), the Moscow Tsardom (1656-1658), Brandenburg-Prussia (1657-1660), the Habsburg Monarchy (1657-1660) and Denmark-Norway (1657-1658 and 1658-1660). The Dutch Republic often intervened against Sweden in an informal trade… Read More

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What were the Northern Wars (1554-1721)?

“Northern Wars” is a term used for a series of wars fought in northern and northeastern Europe in the 16th and 17th century. An internationally agreed nomenclature for these wars has not yet been devised. While the Great Northern War is generally considered to be the last of the Northern Wars, there are different scholarly… Read More

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What was the War of the Public Weal (1465)?

Introduction The League of the Public Weal (French: La ligue du Bien public) was an alliance of feudal nobles organised in 1465 in defiance of the centralised authority of King Louis XI of France. It was masterminded by Charles the Bold, Count of Charolais, son of the Duke of Burgundy, with the king’s brother Charles,… Read More

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Who were the Six Hundred Franchimontois (1468)?

Introduction On the night of 29 October 1468 during the Siege of Liège, some six hundred Franchimontois, men from Franchimont, unsuccessfully attacked the besieging Burgundian army, with the aim of killing or capturing its leaders, Duke Charles the Bold and King Louis XI. Background In 1468, the citizens of Liège rose up against Burgundian domination… Read More

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What was the Battle of Montenaken (1465)?

Introduction The Battle of Montenaken was fought between the forces of Liège and the Burgundian State on 20 October 1465 as part of the First Liège War. Although outnumbered, the Burgundian force succeeded in routing the militia of Liège, inflicting heavy casualties. Background The War of the Public Weal between Louis XI and many of… Read More

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What were the Wars of Liege (165-1468)?

Introduction The Wars of Liège were a series of three rebellions by the Prince-Bishopric of Liège, in the town of Liège in modern-day Belgium, against the expanding Burgundian State between 1465 and 1468. On each occasion, the rebels were defeated by Burgundian forces commanded by Charles the Bold and the city was twice burned to… Read More