Research Paper Title

Noise dosimetry for tactical environments.

Abstract

Noise exposure and the subsequent hearing loss are well documented aspects of military life. Numerous studies have indicated high rates of noise-induced hearing injury (NIHI) in active-duty service men and women, and recent statistics from the US Department of Veterans Affairs indicate a population of veterans with hearing loss that is growing at an increasing rate.

In an effort to minimise hearing loss, the US Department of Defense (DoD) updated its Hearing Conservation Programme in 2010, and also has recently revised the DoD Design Criteria Standard Noise Limits (MIL-STD-1474E) which defines allowable noise levels in the design of all military acquisitions including weapons and vehicles.

Even with such mandates, it remains a challenge to accurately quantify the noise exposure experienced by a Warfighter over the course of a mission or training exercise, or even in a standard work day. Noise dosimeters are intended for exactly this purpose, but variations in device placement (e.g., free-field, on-body, in/near-ear), hardware (e.g., microphone, analog-to-digital converter), measurement time (e.g., work day, 24-h), and dose metric calculations (e.g., time-weighted energy, peak levels, Auditory Risk Units), as well as noise types (e.g., continuous, intermittent, impulsive) can cause exposure measurements to be incomplete, inaccurate, or inappropriate for a given situation.

This paper describes the design of a noise dosimeter capable of acquiring exposure data across tactical environments. Two generations of prototypes have been built at MIT Lincoln Laboratory with funding from the US Army, US Navy, and US Marine Corps. Details related to hardware, signal processing, and testing efforts are provided, along with example tactical military noise data and lessons learned from early fieldings.

Finally, the researchers discuss the continued need to prioritise personalized dosimetry in order to improve models that predict or characterise the risk of auditory damage, to integrate dosimeters with hearing-protection devices, and to inform strategies and metrics for reducing NIHI.

Reference

Smalt, C.J., Lacirignola, J., Davis, S.K., Calamia, P.T. & Collins, P.P. (2017) Noise dosimetry for tactical environments. Hearing Research. 349:42-54. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2016.11.008. Epub 2016 Nov 20.