Events 31 BC – Final War of the Roman Republic: Battle of Actium: Off the western coast of Greece, forces of Octavian defeat troops under Mark Antony and Cleopatra. 1192 – The Treaty of Jaffa is signed between Richard I of England and Saladin, leading to the end of the Third Crusade. 1649 – The… Read More

Events 1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of Ancona by the forces of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. 1449 – Tumu Crisis: The Mongols capture the Emperor of China. 1529 – The Spanish fort of Sancti Spiritu, the first one built in modern Argentina, is destroyed by natives. 1644 –… Read More

Events 1314 – King Haakon V of Norway moves the capital from Bergen to Oslo. 1795 – War of the First Coalition: The British capture Trincomalee (present-day Sri Lanka) from the Dutch in order to keep it out of French hands (refer to French Revolutionary Wars). 1798 – Irish Rebellion: Irish rebels, with French assistance,… Read More

Events 70 – Titus ends the siege of Jerusalem after destroying Herod’s Temple. 1282 – Peter III of Aragon lands at Trapani to intervene in the War of the Sicilian Vespers. 1363 – The five-week Battle of Lake Poyang begins, in which the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders (Chen Youliang and Zhu Yuanzhang) meet… Read More

Events 870 – The city of Melite surrenders to an Aghlabid army following a siege, putting an end to Byzantine Malta. 1315 – Battle of Montecatini: The army of the Republic of Pisa, commanded by Uguccione della Faggiuola, wins a decisive victory against the joint forces of the Kingdom of Naples and the Republic of… Read More

Events 475 – The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna. 489 – Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way into Italy. 663 – Silla-Tang armies crush the Baekje restoration attempt and force Yamato Japan to withdraw from Korea… Read More

Events 410 – The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days. 1557 – The Battle of St. Quentin results in Emmanuel Philibert becoming Duke of Savoy. 1689 – The Treaty of Nerchinsk is signed by Russia and the Qing Empire (Julian calendar). 1776 – American War of Independence: Battle of Long Island:… Read More