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What was the Government Junta of Chile (1891)?

Introduction The Revolutionary Junta of Iquique (Spanish: Junta Revolucionaria de Iquique) (13 April 1891 to 26 December 1891), was the political structure that was established by the Chilean Congress and Admiral Jorge Montt to challenge the power of Chilean President José Manuel Balmaceda after the navy insurrection that started the 1891 Chilean Civil War.  The… Read More

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What was the Battle of Caldera Bay (1891)?

Introduction The Battle of Caldera Bay, or the Sinking of Blanco Encalada, was a naval engagement fought in the Caldera Bay during the 1891 Chilean Civil War between Balmacedist and Congressional naval forces on 23 April 1891. It involved two Balmacedist torpedo boats of the Almirante Lynch-class, and the Congressional armoured frigate Blanco Encalada. After… Read More

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What was the Itata Incident (1891)?

Introduction The Itata incident was a diplomatic affair and military incident involving the United States and Chilean insurgents during the 1891 Chilean Civil War. The incident concerned an arms shipment by the Chilean ship Itata from the United States to Chile, to assist insurgent Congressionalist forces in the war. Background In 1891, after a series… Read More

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What was the Chilean Civil War of 1891?

Introduction The Chilean Civil War of 1891 (also known as Revolution of 1891) was a civil war in Chile fought between forces supporting Congress and forces supporting the President, José Manuel Balmaceda from 16 January 1891 to 18 September 1891. The war saw a confrontation between the Chilean Army and the Chilean Navy, siding with… Read More

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What is the Second Cold War?

Introduction The Second Cold War, Cold War II, or the New Cold War are terms that refer to heightened geopolitical tensions in the 21st century. They have been used to describe tense relations between the United States and China and between the United States and Russia – the successor state of the Soviet Union, which… Read More