Events 43 BC – Marcus Tullius Cicero is assassinated in Formia. 574 – Byzantine Emperor Justin II, suffering recurring seizures of insanity, adopts his general Tiberius and proclaims him as Caesar. 1776 – Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, arranges to enter the American military as a major general. 1837 – The Battle of Montgomery’s… Read More

Events 1240 – Mongol invasion of Rus’: Kyiv under Daniel of Galicia and Voivode Dmytro falls to the Mongols under Batu Khan. 1534 – The city of Quito in Ecuador is founded by Spanish settlers led by Sebastián de Belalcázar. 1648 – Colonel Thomas Pride of the New Model Army purges the Long Parliament of… Read More

Events 1492 – Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to set foot on the island of Hispaniola (now Haiti and the Dominican Republic). 1757 – Seven Years’ War: Battle of Leuthen: Frederick II of Prussia leads Prussian forces to a decisive victory over Austrian forces under Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine. 1775 – At Fort… Read More

Events 771 – Austrasian king Carloman I dies, leaving his brother Charlemagne king of the now complete Frankish Kingdom. 1110 – The Kingdom of Jerusalem captures Sidon. 1259 – Kings Louis IX of France and Henry III of England agree to the Treaty of Paris, in which Henry renounces his claims to French-controlled territory on… Read More

Events 915 – Pope John X crowns Berengar I of Italy as Holy Roman Emperor. 1775 – USS Alfred becomes the first vessel to fly the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to the Stars and Stripes); the flag is hoisted by John Paul Jones. 1799 – War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Wiesloch: Austrian… Read More

Events 1804 – At Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, Napoleon Bonaparte crowns himself Emperor of the French. 1805 – War of the Third Coalition: Battle of Austerlitz: French troops under Napoleon Bonaparte decisively defeat a joint Russo-Austrian force. 1823 – Monroe Doctrine: In a State of the Union message, US President James Monroe proclaims American… Read More

Events 1420 – Henry V of England enters Paris. 1640 – End of the Iberian Union: Portugal acclaims as King João IV of Portugal, ending 59 years of personal union of the crowns of Portugal and Spain and the end of the rule of the Philippine Dynasty. 1821 – José Núñez de Cáceres wins the… Read More