What Is Meant By ‘Soft Balancing’?

Introduction Soft balancing is a recent addition to balance of power theory used to describe non-military forms of balancing evident since the end of the Cold War, particularly during and after the 2003 Iraq War. Refer to Balance of Threat. Outline Soft balancing as a strategy can be attributed to the work of Robert Pape… Read More

What Is Meant By ‘Bandwagoning’?

Introduction Bandwagoning in international relations occurs when a state aligns with a stronger, adversarial power and concedes that the stronger adversary-turned-partner disproportionately gains in the spoils they conquer together. Bandwagoning, therefore, is a strategy employed by states that find themselves in a weak position. The logic stipulates that an outgunned, weaker state should align itself… Read More