Events

• 1179 – The Battle of Kalvskinnet takes place outside Nidaros (now Trondheim), Norway.
  • Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle changes the tide of the civil wars.
• 1306 – The Earl of Pembroke’s army defeats Bruce’s Scottish army at the Battle of Methven.
• 1586 – English colonists leave Roanoke Island, after failing to establish England’s first permanent settlement in North America.
• 1800 – War of the Second Coalition Battle of Höchstädt results in a French victory over Austria (refer to French Revolutionary Wars).
• 1816 – Battle of Seven Oaks between North West Company and Hudson’s Bay Company, near Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
• 1821 – Decisive defeat of the Filiki Eteria by the Ottomans at Drăgășani (in Wallachia).
• 1867 – Maximilian I of the Second Mexican Empire is executed by a firing squad in Querétaro, Querétaro.
• 1875 – The Herzegovinian rebellion against the Ottoman Empire begins.
• 1903 – Benito Mussolini, at the time a radical Socialist, is arrested by Bern police for advocating a violent general strike.
• 1910 – The first Father’s Day is celebrated in Spokane, Washington.
• 1921 – The village of Knockcroghery, Ireland, was burned by British forces.
• 1943 – The Philadelphia Eagles and Pittsburgh Steelers in the NFL merge for one season due to player shortages caused by World War II.
• 1961 – Kuwait declares independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1965 – Vietnam War: Nguyễn Cao Kỳ becomes Prime Minister of South Vietnam at the head of a military junta; General Nguyễn Văn Thiệu becomes the figurehead chief of state.
• 1985 – Members of the Revolutionary Party of Central American Workers, dressed as Salvadoran soldiers, attack the Zona Rosa area of San Salvador.
• 1991 – The last Soviet army units in Hungary are withdrawn.
  • Day of the Independent Hungary (Hungary).
• 2009 – War in North-West Pakistan: The Pakistani Armed Forces open Operation Rah-e-Nijat against the Taliban and other Islamist rebels in the South Waziristan area of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas.
• 2012 – WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange requested asylum in London’s Ecuadorian Embassy for fear of extradition to the US after publication of previously classified documents including footage of civilian killings by the US Army.

People (Births)

• 1301 – Prince Morikuni, shōgun of Japan (d. 1333).
• 1606 – James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, Scottish soldier and politician, Lord Chancellor of Scotland (d. 1649).
• 1764 – José Gervasio Artigas, Uruguayan general and politician (d. 1850).
• 1861 – Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, Scottish-English field marshal (d. 1928).
• 1871 – Alajos Szokolyi, Hungarian hurdler, jumper, and physician (d. 1932).
• 1888 – Arthur Massey Berry, Canadian soldier and pilot (d. 1970).
• 1906 – Walter Rauff, German SS officer (d. 1984).
• 1913 – Helene Madison, American swimmer (d. 1970).
• 1917 – Joshua Nkomo, Zimbabwean guerrilla leader and politician, Vice President of Zimbabwe (d. 1999).
• 1927 – Luciano Benjamín Menéndez, Argentine general and human rights violator (d. 2018).
• 1945 – Radovan Karadžić, Serbian-Bosnian politician and convicted war criminal, 1st President of Republika Srpska.
• 1951 – Francesco Moser, Italian cyclist.
• 1952 – Bob Ainsworth, English politician, Secretary of State for Defence.
• 1960 – Johnny Gray, American runner and coach.
• 1963 – Margarita Ponomaryova, Russian hurdler.
• 1963 – Rory Underwood, English rugby player, lieutenant, and pilot.
• 1965 – Sabine Braun, German heptathlete.
• 1970 – Quincy Watts, American sprinter and football player.
• 1972 – Ilya Markov, Russian race walker.
• 1981 – Moss Burmester, New Zealand swimmer.
• 1985 – Dire Tune, Ethiopian runner.

People (Deaths)

• 404 – Huan Xuan, Jin-dynasty warlord and emperor of Huan Chu (b. 369).
• 1185 – Taira no Munemori, Japanese soldier (b. 1147).
• 1768 – Benjamin Tasker Sr., American soldier and politician, 10th Colonial Governor of Maryland (b. 1690).
• 1786 – Nathanael Greene, American general (b. 1742).
• 1864 – Sarah Rosetta Wakeman, American soldier (b. 1843).
• 1918 – Francesco Baracca, Italian fighter pilot (b. 1888).
• 1995 – Peter Townsend, Burmese-English captain and pilot (b. 1914).
• 2012 – Norbert Tiemann, American soldier and politician, 32nd Governor of Nebraska (b. 1924).
• 2014 – Oskar-Hubert Dennhardt, German general (b. 1915).